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Next, let’s look at a 2019 review on “The Effectiveness of Psychoanalytic and Psychodynamic Psychotherapy for Reducing Suicide Attempts and Self-Harm.” This is from the British Journal of Psychiatry . I’ll be somewhat more brief here because I think this is simple. Interestingly, we could look at their PRISMA diagram. That’s the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. There’s kind of a standard format nowadays for this. You can see how many studies they found and how many they excluded and how many they finally analyzed. In this case, the authors went from 3300 studies to 12 for analysis. That’s a huge amount of work right there.
Jumping to their forest plot—the plot in the graph that allows you to quickly look at the results of a meta-analysis—we see that there are 4 comparisons, and each of them only had 2 or 3 studies. This occurred because they
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